Which component follows hazard identification in risk assessment?

In the risk assessment process, following hazard identification, the next crucial component is dose-response assessment. This step evaluates the relationship between the amount of exposure to a hazard and the extent of the effect it may cause. It helps in understanding how different levels of exposure can impact health, which is essential for determining both safe and harmful exposure thresholds.

During dose-response assessment, scientists utilize data from various studies, including epidemiological and toxicological research, to establish how likely it is that an adverse effect will occur at different exposure levels. This establishes a clearer understanding of the potential risks associated with a hazard identified in the previous step.

While exposure assessment involves measuring or estimating the intensity and duration of exposure, and risk characterization integrates the information from hazard identification, dose-response assessment is foundational in quantifying the risk and establishing a framework for evaluating health outcomes from exposure to the identified hazard. This logical sequence is critical for effective risk management and public health protection.