Histoplasmosis is primarily caused by exposure to which type of droppings?

Histoplasmosis is primarily caused by exposure to the droppings of birds and bats because these droppings can create an environment conducive to the growth of the fungus Histoplasma capsulatum. This fungus thrives in soil that is enriched with organic matter, particularly in areas where bird or bat feces accumulate, such as caves, old buildings, and lofts. When the droppings dry out and become airborne through disturbance, they can release spores into the air, which may be inhaled and lead to infection in humans.

Exposure to droppings from cats, rodents, or dogs is not a recognized cause of histoplasmosis. While these animals might carry other pathogens or parasites, the specific association with Histoplasma capsulatum is linked primarily to birds and bats. Understanding this connection is important for identifying potential exposure risks and implementing appropriate preventive measures, especially for individuals in at-risk occupations or activities.