For what primary purpose are nitrites used?

Nitrites are primarily used in the curing process of meats. Their main role is to inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria, particularly Clostridium botulinum, which can cause botulism. Additionally, nitrites contribute to the development of a characteristic flavor and color in cured meats, giving them the distinct pink hue associated with items like ham, bacon, and hot dogs.

While flavoring is important in food preparation, it is not the primary function of nitrites. Similarly, their use is not applicable to preserving fruits or tenderizing vegetables, which are achieved through other methods or chemical agents. Thus, the correct answer highlights the specific and crucial role that nitrites play in the curing and preservation of meat products.